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In The Mire

26 Mar 2008 10:54 am

To say a bit more about the situation in Iraq, the details remain murky but the broad outline is that we're continuing to see conflict between the exile party ISCI, which has been cooperating with the US and Iran in post-war Iraq, and the domestic nationalist Shiite movement associated with Muqtada al-Sadr, which has received some backing from Iran and been mostly hostile to the United States. From the point of view of American interests, this seems to be a fight in which we have no dog. Our main interest in this rivalry ought to be simply that it not turn into a bloody fight that leaves our troops in the crossfire.

But that, of course, is exactly what's happening. Why are we letting ourselves get dragged into this? Spencer Ackerman explains:

Here's an answer. As long as Maliki is in the prime minister's chair, and as long as we proclaim the Iraqi government he leads to be legitimate, Maliki effectively holds us hostage. "I need to go after Sadr," Maliki says. "The situation is unacceptable! In Basra, he threatens to take control of the ports, and in Baghdad, he's throwing my men out of their checkpoints. Would you allow the Bloods or the Crips to take over half of Los Angeles?" And as soon as he says that, we're trapped. It simply is not tenable for Petraeus to refuse a request for security assistance from the Prime Minister to deal with a radical militia.

This is, of course, a big part of the problem with making an enduring American military presence in Iraq a key strategic priority of the United States. To do that, we need to make ourselves useful to some politically powerful horses in Iraq. But to do that we need to get sucked into our favorite horses pet political disputes. So now we're there to provide backup and air support for the Badr Brigade as they try to liquidate their foes in Sadr's political party. And if it doesn't work, we may need to find a new Iraqi politician (remember Iyad Allawi? Ibrahim Jafari?) to be our special friend.

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as long as we proclaim the Iraqi government he leads to be legitimate

What an idiotic statement. It is legitimate. It was elected. In an election that was basically free and fair. Or did Ackerman forget that part?

Sadr doesn't like that, he can run his own candidates in the October elections to get control of, say, Basra (and he probably will).

To say that we have no dog in the fight between an elected government and an unelected group just shows how little people like Matthew and Ackerman really care about democracy.

One thing this tends to illustrate is that a primary reason why it appears that the surge has reduced violence is in reality the fact that Sadr pulled his militia from the fray.

It is debatable as to how much the fact that the surge was going to take place is responsible for that, but either way, it shows that without his interests being taken into account, the impact of the surge is at best temporary and ultimately doomed to fail.

One of the biggest mistakes we made (aside from even invading Iraq) was not trying to work with Sadr from the beginning.

From the point of view of American interests, this seems to be a fight in which we have no dog.

Well this is clearly not true, since the ISCI forces and the government forces are essentially the same thing, and these are the same forces we have been supporting and training for lo these many months as we have worked to buttress the government and marginalize Sadr.

... the broad outline is that we're continuing to see conflict between the exile party ISCI, which has been cooperating with the US and Iran in post-war Iraq, and the domestic nationalist Shiite movement associated with Muqtada al-Sadr, which has received some backing from Iran and been mostly hostile to the United States.

Would you care to document, Matt, the relative levels of support that Iran has provided to the ISCI and Iraqi government factions, on the one hand, and the Sadrists on the other? Certainly ISCI is the faction with much stronger historical and institutional ties to Iran. And Iran has been quite open and pro-active about establishing ties with the Iraqi government and propping it up. Don't believe every piece of Iran hype that comes from the offices of Petraeus and Co.

I won't claim to have a very clear picture of what is happening in Iraq either. But my initial impressions are that the US and the Iraqi government have finally decided to move aggressively in the past few days, during a period of perceived strength, to drive a stake through the Sadr movement and to establish control over Basra. Of course, every move the US makes in Iraq is preceded by some propaganda nonsense about the all-purpose Iranian bogeyman.

Didn't you just write some kind of book about US foreign policy, Matt? Sheesh.

The Al-bot is early today. I guess whoever the new hire is must need that part time money badly. The Al-bots went through a trough, period, there, when they were pretty much mailing in the misinformation and Elmer Fudd like rightwing seizures. But this one seems to want to earn his bucks!

Anyway, Matt, I think you are underestimated the desire of the Americans to make Maliki their wholly owned Thieu subsidiary. The Badr brigade is, after all, the (former) SCIRI's militia, and SCIRI/SIIC is headed by a man who smiles upon privatizing the oil fields, Abdel Aziz al-Hakim, who Bush met with and who was favored by the Americans in 2006 - as you will remember, the clueless American reporting on the election speculated that the big battle would be between Allawi, al-Hakim and Chalabi for the job of preznit. Of course, these names were chosen because they say things the Americans love, and since Americans haven't got a clue about what Iraqis want or think (and don't really care), the American press just thought this was in the bag. Maliki was a compromise choice, but long range, Bush's people would love a al-hakim government in Iraq. After all, it would facilitate the vile and criminal theft of the place's natural resources. What could be better?

So don't mistake the ostensive stance of neutrality here for real neutrality. To use the inevitable Vietnam analogy - this is like the Laos offensive the Americans cooked up for the South Vietnamese army in 1970 to show the world what a splendiferous army it was. Of course, the army got cut to ribbons in the Valley of Jars, the Americans had to help them retreat, and the whole expedition was a bloody farce, but it was reported to be this new moment, this dawning, in South Vietnam by the lapdog press. Although back then the press wasn't as lapdog - today, it is more like, captive press, or press-conservative think tank mind meld, or something.

Hagel's recognition that "Surge" really meant "Escalation" and would just dig us deeper into the mire has been validated. He is not endorsing McCain.

To say that we have no dog in the fight between an elected government and an unelected group just shows how little people like Matthew and Ackerman really care about democracy.

Um, the Sadrists are an elected group as well. See, ie, the Iraqi parliament.

And Matt, I think you're missing how and why our dog is in the fight. Roger and others mentioned upthread:

Permanent bases and oil.

ISCI/Dawa are amenable. Sadr, not so much. Hence, our fight.

By "our" I mean Bush administration, but they're the ones in charge at the moment.

Um, the Sadrists are an elected group as well. See, ie, the Iraqi parliament.

But we are talking executive branch here. To be sure, there are Sadrists in the executive as well, in certain cabinet positions. We should be supporting them in those roles as well. But the Sadrists relevant to the present discussion are not part of the elected government.

Neither are the Badr Corp fighters in Basra either though. If you're talking militia v. militia, then why is one better than the other?

One thing to watch as this unfolds is what happens to our forces in Baghdad. Part of the "surge" strategy was to move our forces out of their bases and into the city where they set up small garrisons. These sound awfully vulnerable to armed militias. Our military leaders may have made the judgment that cornering Sadr in Sadr City is the more face-saving way to protect our exposed troops rather than pull them back to their bases, admitting the failure of the "surge" strategy.

The only actual evidence I have seen about Iranian support for Iraqi factions has been the arrest reports. Several Iranians were arrested at al-Hakim's compound, some were arrested visiting the Kurdish leaders and al-Hakim's son was arrested trying to cross into Iraq from Iran, supposedly bringing back weapons. Has there been any arrest of Iranians with Sadr's people that anyone remembers? We know the whole roadside bomb from Iran thing is bs as any first year tool and die student could make them.

Neither are the Badr Corp fighters in Basra either though. If you're talking militia v. militia, then why is one better than the other?

My understanding is that it was Iraqi military vs Sadr militia. If it is just militia vs. militia, then I agree.

"To say that we have no dog in the fight between an elected government and an unelected group just shows how little people like Matthew and Ackerman really care about democracy."


Al,

You can care for democracy but think that it is imprudent or unwise to militarily intervene in a civil war between an elected government and unelected group. In a war that pits Iraqi against Iraqi, particularly Shiite Iraqi against Shiite Iraqi, it would be prudent for us not to intervene militarily, but act as a mediator or moderating influence.

There's a big difference between using our military to help the Bagdhad government fight Al Qaeda, and using our military to help the Bagdhad government fight against an Iraqi militia. The former involves defending an allied nation from foreign elements waging war on that nation's government, the latter involves the US military acting as a party in a conflict that the Iraqis need to resolve between themselves.

Al:

What an idiotic statement. It is legitimate. It was elected. In an election that was basically free and fair...

To say that we have no dog in the fight between an elected government and an unelected group just shows how little people like Matthew and Ackerman really care about democracy.

Hilarious!

Of course, over here in reality, Maliki is Prime Minister because we installed him after kicking out his predecessor Ibrahim al-Jaafari, one of whose main supporters was...Moktada al-Sadr.

Al, seeing a die-hard colonialist and authoritarian like yourself weep copious tears over democracy is extremely funny. It's like hearing a Prava hack sniffling about the meanies who would criticize Authentic Representative of the Polish People Wojciech Jaruzelski.

Please continue your highly entertaining ways. For our part, we in the rest of the world will continue to laugh at you.

As Pat Lang points out over in his blog, anybody who thinks the Iraqi military is not Badr or some other Iranian-backed militia is an idiot.

Al, take a bow.

Matt generally has this right in this post. The problem is that the Maliki government is not "legitimate" just because an election happened a couple years. There have been numerous fractious fights, walkouts by Sunnis and Shia and Kurdish factions, and at one point it looked like Maliki was being lined up to be tossed by some new coalition.

This latest conflict appears to be have been started when the US and/or Maliki decided to try to take on at least a portion of al-Sadr's group. al-Sadr initially said that was OK if they were only going after "rogue" elements of his group that weren't following his orders. Then of course it turned out not to be that way. He still hasn't ordered a cessation of the cease-fire, but according to reports, he's under heavy pressure from his senior people to do so.

My guess is that the US and/or Iran more or less independently didn't like the idea that al-Sadr might reach an accommodation with one or more of the Sunni political factions and seize control of the government in the upcoming elections. This is what many of al-Sadr's people are now saying. So they used this ruse of attacking "rogue elements" to actually try to arrest and disrupt his organization.

If this is true, and they don't pull back, al-Sadr may have no choice but to end his ceasefire. That will definitely screw things up.

From the Bush-Cheney-McCain crowd, however, this would be great. An excuse to both stop the draw down of troops, then spin the resumption of conflict into a way to start a war with Iran. They're already blaming it all on Iran - even though if Iran is involved, they're likely supporting the groups in Basra which are more allied with the Maliki government. So that accusation makes no sense. Which means the neocons are relying on the assumption that the average American has no clue as to the complexity of factional rivalry in Iraq.

It wasn't all that long ago that the defeatists here were claiming Maliki was completely dependent on Sadr, proving we shouldn't support him. Now they're claiming we shouldn't support him because Sadr is really legitimate while Maliki's not.

Iraq's government is certainly flawed, but it is also unquestionably the most representative and legitimate government in the Arab world. Sadr's people got 28 seats in Parliament out of, I think, 275. This looks like a test of the current government's ability to enforce its legitimate authority. If they can pull it off, it will be a significant milestone.

Iraq's government is certainly flawed, but it is also unquestionably the most representative and legitimate government in the Arab world. Sadr's people got 28 seats in Parliament out of, I think, 275.

That makes them the 2nd-most powerful Shiite party, after the ISCI (36 seats). So they're hardly a marginal player.

This looks like a test of the current government's ability to enforce its legitimate authority. If they can pull it off, it will be a significant milestone.

If this is about the "government's ability to enforce its legitimate authority", then why is the government singling out the Sadrist militias? There are other militias in Basra, namely the ones run by the ISCI & the Fadila party. Face it, this has nothing to do with cracking down on militias and everything to do with enhancing the power of Maliki & the ISCI.

The most representative and legitimate government in the Arab world? "Powell", you are a trip.

However, it is nice to know that the government is so legitimate. So I guess you finally agree that we can leave, then. After all, by the very definition of legitimate, we are talking of a government that is not challenged by any other force in the nation.

So now we're there to provide backup and air support for the Badr Brigade as they try to liquidate their foes in Sadr's political party.

Possibly the most idiotic thing ever written.

They're not "liquidating" anyone, they're asserting the power of the elected Iraqi government against criminal gangs that practice extortion and theft.

Those aren't Badr brigades fighting Sadr, those are the Iraqi fucking Army troops that our soldiers have been training for the last four years.

The problem is that the Maliki government is not "legitimate" just because an election happened a couple years.

Right, and Bush isn't legitimate either. Why, he didn't even win the popular vote!

And Clinton didn't win but a plurality, so he can't be legitimate.

All these PMs in governments that have infighting are illegitmate. And Belgium, they can't even agree on a governing coalition! Failed state!

Clearly, this whole democracy thing is a scam.

My guess is that the US and/or Iran more or less independently didn't like the idea that al-Sadr might reach an accommodation with one or more of the Sunni political factions and seize control of the government in the upcoming elections.

That's because you apparently know nothing about Iraqi politics. First off, the national elections aren't till 2009, secondly even if they do well in the provincials the PM has the power to dismiss governors, third the Sunni factions despise Sadr almost as much as they do Iran, and finally Sadr's goons have been making themselves less and less popular every month with their extortion, kidnapping, and general thuggery, not to mention their ham-handed mortaring that kill more Shiites than anyone else.

They're not "liquidating" anyone, they're asserting the power of the elected Iraqi government against criminal gangs that practice extortion and theft

Then why are they only targeting the Sadrists? There are other militias that engage in extortion & theft in Basta - namely, the Fadhila & the (ISCI) Badr Brigates.

As Reidar Visser, the historian of Southern Iraq says, this is about an alliance between Maliki & the ISCI to weaken the Sadrists to enhance their own power. If you think it's good for the US to get take sides in an intra-Shiite power struggle, fine, but don't pretend this has anything with enforcing the rule of law.

The real problem is that parliament itself is a farce and a distraction. with no legitimacy and no prospects of ever having authority. Were we to make a positive contribution to recovery in Iraq, we should begin by disbanding parliament. It can't function now and it never will. It only serves as a Potemkin village, obscuring the possibilities of real reorganization

"Those aren't Badr brigades fighting Sadr, those are the Iraqi fucking Army troops that our soldiers have been training for the last four years."

And over at Pat Lang's blog, he considers anyone who doesn't know that the "Iraqi fucking Army troops" happen to be mostly Badr Brigade and other militias is a complete idiot.

To quote him:

"Need a score card? Well... the 'security forces' are full of Badr Force militia men. These people belong to an organization that was raised originally by Iran to fight against IRAQ. They have been recruited into the 'security forces' in large numbers. They intend to break the Mahdi Army if they can and the US seems to approve of that idea.

Reinforcements have been sent from Karbala to Basra. Karbala is virtually ruled by the Badr Force.

The US has been treasuring the idea that the apparatus of the Iraqi state is other than a congeries of militia factions and parties.

Once again the untruth of that is exposed.

Who is firing into the Green Zone. I doubt if anyone really knows. pl"

It seems clear to me that we have been for some time attempting to bring groups willing to cooperate with us going forward into the legitimate Iraqi government, and to isolate those opposed. The fact that Maliki and his ISCI allies are acting with and through the government makes this more than just a simple turf battle between militias.

The fact that the Iraqi government has apparently decided that this is a good time to resolve Sadr's negative influence on the development of coherent national security forces has nothing to do with some kind of comprehensive anti-militias action. Trying to do everything at once seems likely to fail. One at a time, at least at this point, seems like common sense to me.

As for Yglesias' breathtakingly dishonest characterization of Jaafari's removal:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibrahim_Al-Jaafari

Ibrahim abd al-Karim Hamzah al-Ashaiqir al-Jaafari (Arabic: إبراهيم الأشيقر الجعفري‎; born 1947) is the former Prime Minister of Iraq in the Iraqi Transitional Government following the January 2005 elections. He is a Shiite and was previously one of the two vice-presidents of Iraq under the Iraqi Interim Government in 2004, and the main spokesman for the Islamic Dawa Party in Iraq. He was forced to withdraw his nomination for premiership for the permanent government because of accusations of weak leadership from Kurdish and Sunni parties in Iraq.
...
In the national election of December 2005, the UIA once again won the majority of the votes, which according the new Iraqi constitution, gets to pick the Prime Minister. UIA members voted for the Prime Minister with only two main candidates. Al-Jaafari was one and the SCIRI member Adel Abdul Mahdi, a secular economist. Jaafari won the vote only by one (64 - 63). His win was credited to the support of Muqtada Al Sadr's members of UIA, who all voted for him. [5]

Despite this win, however, he became increasingly associated with the failure to end the violence in Iraq and to improve services. Because of this, the Sunni, Kurdish and secular groups in the parliament refused to agree to him continuing as Prime Minister, leading to deadlock. His refusal to stand down began to alienate even those who had backed him up to that point, but it is believed that only when Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani intervened that he finally stepped down.[6]

The U.S. role was relatively minor. We did not, as Yglesias apparently thinks, put guns to their heads and demand they put Maliki in.

Then why are they only targeting the Sadrists?

Probably because they're the biggest problem at the moment.

And over at Pat Lang's blog, he considers anyone who doesn't know that the "Iraqi fucking Army troops" happen to be mostly Badr Brigade and other militias is a complete idiot. To quote him:
"Need a score card? Well... the 'security forces' are full of Badr Force militia men.

Again, the Badr guys mostly work in the MOI (but again, they represent the party with the most votes, so its not exactly a surprise). The Iraqi Army is much, much larger than even the most exaggerated self-estimates of the Badr organization and is generally considered fairly apolitical because the officer and NCO corps is heavily vetted and indoctrinated under U.S. supervision.

This isn't exactly secret information.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badr_Organization

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_army

Are there some former Badr Corps in the IA? Probably. Does that make any difference here? Unlikely. They're generally split up by sect and political affiliation when they join, to enhance unit cohesion and loyalty to the chain of command.

Nice work, TallDave.


Comments closed April 09, 2008.

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