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The Trouble With Porkbusting

06 Jun 2008 11:13 am

John McCain's getting in some hot water in the must-win state of Florida for his opposition to a bill that would have provided $2 billion in funds needed to clean up the Everglades. McCain says his opposition is driven not by opposition to spending that money, but to spending some other money on some other projects that were elsewhere in the bill. Be that as it may, the bill he opposed was the bill that was on the table and he opposed it.

You see here, obviously, some of the problems with a political persona that's so defined by opposition to "wasteful" spending. This is an easy posture to maintain if you're a Senator from Arizona who's never faced a competitive re-election challenge. In a vague and general sense, everyone's against "wasteful" spending, and a willingness to make a pain-in-the-ass out of yourself on these topics can earn you good press. But the way American political institutions work is that legislators represent specific geographical constituencies. And things that look "wasteful" to people outside the constituency often look vital within it. So various projects get funded, sometimes as the price that needs to be paid to fund other, more important, projects. And it's easy enough to be against all this stuff if you're just trying to be a crank senator known for his opposition to other people's projects. But take things nationally, and suddenly you're in hot water with voters everywhere.

Meanwhile, this sort of raises a larger question about a McCain administration -- would a President McCain really make it impossible to get anything done legislatively until some sea change in the American political system eliminates legislators' proclivity for funding local projects? A principled stand can be a nice thing, but you can't have a president who's so in love with his principles that he can't accomplish anything. They say you don't want to see the legislative sausage getting made, and I can personally sympathize with the idea of not wanting to get involved in the grubby compromises of the political process, but if you want to be president you have to be willing to roll up your sleeves and make some sausage.

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Comments (19)

A principled stand can be a nice thing, but you can't have a president who's so in love with his principles that he can't accomplish anything.

I think there's zero chance of this with McCain, when one looks at how he's been on both sides of almost every issue of consequence. He has a "straight talk" reputation, based largely on his willingness to go after other Republican senators who have ticked him off personally.

But no, he doesn't really seem to have any overarching principles. At least none that can't be overwhelmed by whether he's mad at someone or whether he likes them.

McCain just wants the ability to target money for specific projects to be taken away from Congress and given to him as president. It's just another power grab.

or, you know, McCain really means what he says and plans to actually cut wasteful pork. He believes in it so much that he's willing to stop up the rest of the agenda for it. What about that?

"But take things nationally, and suddenly you're in hot water with voters everywhere."

Which is part of what presidential leadership is - advancing the national interest at the expense of parochial interests. Done competently, it has a positive impact. Done stupidly (see Jimmy Carter's "hit list" of inefficient water projects), it can wipe out your political capital quite quickly.

Don't let your animus toward the Republican party prevent you from seeing that there is some good to be done on this score by an independent-minded president, regardless of whether that president's name is McCain or Obama. I fail to see how McCain's political problems in this area are somehow larger than Obama's (We're going to clean up Washington! Yeah, right, pal.).

This is a central plank of the McCain platform and I think you have explained some quite critical contradictions in it. Let's hope some others pursue this question and we don't get another repetition of 2000.

Grunthos, I think the problem for McCain is that he likes taking these principled stands without really knowing (or even caring) that much about the details. "Make it 100!" is a pretty clear example of that, in an area that he's supposed to care about and be a big expert on.

Has McCain worked out some way of distinguishing between pork and valuable projects? Is it an "I know it when I see it" standard? Does he even care? My guess is that the idea of pork projects makes him feel as if a Senator's job is petty, almost demeaning -- doing favors for a bunch of low-life lobbyists (not his friends and close associates, the other lobbyists), whereas standing up to pork and delivering "straight talk" makes him feel like an honorable public servant courageously doing his duty for the greater good, come what may.

I think McCain picks stances that allow him to feel the way he thinks a Senator should feel. The actual policies, and their actual impacts, matter much, much less to him.

I can only imagine how many liberal-leaning organizations will air "McCain voted against funding x cause" ads in the coming months. That's an old trick in national politics, and you can bet it's going to be used ad nauseam.

Pesto, I think that is probably an accurate reading of McCain's underlying motives... similar, perhaps, to his stance on the GI benefits bill (They're serving their country! We can't treat it as a mercenary occupation!).

I'm not sure it would make him an ineffective voice on the subject, however. Nobody has a good rule for deciding what is pork and what isn't - and that lack of a good rule means the problem is finding ways to exert generalized pressure on legislators (who have few incentives to think about the common good when they are voting on a spending bill), such that those legislators can choose an outcome other than "wreck the budget with every possible pet project we can think of." And the presidential bully pulpit is one potential source of good pressure.

To my mind, the bigger problem here would be the potential for McCain to use "wasteful spending by Congress" as a predicate to "we can't balance the budget." Cutting pork ain't gonna get you there, John. It's just not a big enough part of the spending problem.

Obviously being against pork and the district-based bribery that goes on in Congress is a good thing. Politically difficult yes, but we should encourage it certainly.

But McCain should be willing to say WHICH projects he wants to get rid of. I personally feel Everglades maintenance is good, and I imagine many liberal non-Floridians feel this too. Whereas we probably (imo) have a number of pork-based military bases we could get rid of.

Randomly eliminating a ton of budgetary outlays is pretty damn relevant to policy, if not central. He kinda should say which ones he wants to eliminate, if he wants to be lauded for that policy.

This might be a stupid question but if it is a vital but local project, why can this not be funded out of state budget?
I don't want to get into the whole argument that will eventually lead to why Kansas has to pay for the Navy but it just seems that we would have less pork and fewer arguments of this sort the money for local projects came more from state budgets rather than federal.

As it stands, the incentives for the politicians are tied to how much of other peoples money they earmark for projects in their state.

Pork spending, like judicial activism, is just spending that I don't like.

Beyond that, I see pork spending as the lard that greases the gears of government. It makes the machine run faster and smoother. Sure, for any particular bill you could spend a bunch of time trying to convince everyone that bill x is legitimate on its merits alone, but then you type up everything on that one issue. For example, on a bill to end the war in iraq, if every senator got 10 million dollars to spend on whatever pork he wanted, the total cost would still be better than than spending the extra 3 days in iraq trying to convince everyone to vote.

"This might be a stupid question but if it is a vital but local project, why can this not be funded out of state budget?
I don't want to get into the whole argument that will eventually lead to why Kansas has to pay for the Navy but it just seems that we would have less pork and fewer arguments of this sort the money for local projects came more from state budgets rather than federal."

Except that the states are all pretty much broke. Spreading the cost of such projects over a larger population and tax base helps to reduce the cost any one taxpayer has to pay for any project while also helping to make sure that, for instance, the Everglades is protected under federal law instead of just given away to a friend of whoever the governor of Florida happens to be at one point or another.

Besides, if we eliminated all pork (defined loosely) from the federal budget, we would see federal spending fall by like 15%. If you want to see the federal budget balanced, you need to focus on the things that actually take up the most money, like Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security and military spending. Chances are McCain won't publicly announce to touch the first three without risking losing the retiree vote and he likely won't be able to bring himself to cut military spending. Balancing the budget will likely require raising taxes, but McCain had a front-row seat to how that hurt Bush I, so he will be afraid to do that too. McCain's porkbusting is a lot of hot air.

This might be a stupid question but if it is a vital but local project, why can this not be funded out of state budget?

In theory I think you're right, and I'd love to see things work that way. In practice, it seems to be even harder to convince people at the local government level that new stuff requires money, and that this money must come from taxes. Why pay for it yourself when you can push it to the federal level and get the rest of the states to chip in too? Never mind that you're also chipping in to their pet projects as well.

I'm no conservative, but these are the types of projects where there really is something to be said for federalism. Funding for these sorts of projects would be much more efficient done at the local level. But good luck convincing state and local politicians to risk the wrath of their constituents by [gasp!] trying to pay for things, or to convince congressional reps not to make sure they're taking a piece of the federal tax pie to their constituents back home. McCain can posture all he wants, but he won't change that dynamic, one largely made by Republicans at all levels with their dogmatic resistance to the idea that government needs money to do things.

This is where your liberalism confuses you Matt. You think "not getting anything done" is BAD. But from a conservative's point of view that's the GOAL.

Reality Man,
For the purposes of this discussion, let's leave truly national projects aside (Everglades could be one I suppose.). I agree that the current system spreads the costs around and keeps the amount each individual taxpayer pays low. On the other hand, each individual taxpayer pays for many more project than he or she otherwise would have. And if I had to go out on a limb, I'd say that on the net keeping costs more local would result in lower taxes in general because the politicians requesting the pork would be held more accountable. As it is right now, if you are not in Alaska, there is not a whole lot you can do about Ted Stevens, for example, no matter how many bridges to nowhere he wants to build.

Regarding the states having no money - true but the fedral government is even MORE broke than the states! The only difference is that fedral government can borrow more/print money when it is short. Again, not sure if we should be doing either of those things for a non vital local issue.

You can make a case for some redistribution to poor states that can't pull their weight but in genral the current system leads to lots of pork and lack of accountability.

McCain's fund raising chair in Florida is Bob Ballard, a prominent lobbyist. One of Ballard's largest clients is US Sugar. Anyone following the saga of the fight to restore the Everglades knows that US Sugar has tried to slow or halt in every way possible. It's remarkably similar to the fossil fuel industry and climate change but on a smaller scale.

The agricultural operations of the two big privately owned sugar companies in S. Florida are responsible for much of the decline in the Everglades. They funded a 527 to viciously attack the Democratic gubernatorial nominee here in Florida in 2006 because they knew he would support the Everglades restoration.

In addition Black, Berman, and Stone all lobbied for the sugar corporations and are associated with McCain campaign. It appears to me that the sugar corporations got to McCain about the Everglades bill instead of a principled stand against pork.

Meanwhile, this sort of raises a larger question about a McCain administration -- would a President McCain really make it impossible to get anything done legislatively until some sea change in the American political system eliminates legislators' proclivity for funding local projects?

Readers might want to check out how Jimmy Carter alienated everyone in Congress in 1977 by issuing a hit-list of water reclamation projects he considered wasteful.


Comments closed June 20, 2008.

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